A Logical Approach to Computational Theory Building (with applications to sociology) Jaap Kamps Abstract: %Nr: DS-2000-02 %Title: A Logical Approach to Computational Theory Building with applications to sociology %Author: Jaap Kamps This thesis, entitled ``A Logical Approach to Computational Theory Building with applications to sociology,'' contains multidisciplinary research on the fields of logic, artificial intelligence, philosophy of science, and sociology. Starting point is the representation of scientific theories in formal logic, and the support of this way of theory building by formal criteria for evaluating and revising theories. Central aspect is the use of automated reasoning to determine the outcome of these criteria, leading to a computational methodology for formalizing scientific theories. Finally, the logical formalism is applied for evaluating and revising existing scientific theories from the field of sociology---leading to clarification of the substantive theories and even to new insights. Table of Contents: 1 Introduction & Overview ................................ 1 2 Formal Theory Building Using Automated Reasoning Tools .. 11 3 Reducing Uncertainty: A Formal Theory of ``Organizations in Action'' ............................................ 37 4 Criteria for Formal Theory Building .................... 71 5 The Process of Axiomatizing Scientific Theories ........ 87 6 Partial Deductive Closure .............................. 109 7 Qualitative Reasoning beyond the Physics Domain ........ 131 8 Discussion & Related Work .............................. 145 Bibliography ........................................... 169 Index .................................................. 187