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This thesis explores to what extent legal knowledge and legal
reasoning can be encoded in the Event Calculus (hereafter, EC), and
how EC needs to be extended (if at all) to accommodate legal reasoning
and knowledge. The locutions 'legal knowledge' and 'legal reasoning'
gather a variety of dispara...
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This paper is an interdisciplinary study toward a theory of
information status and representation of objects. The motivation is a
computational problem: in Natural Language Generation, the task of
Generating Referring Expressions (GRE) tacitly assumes that the
referent is part of the user's focus...
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It is telling that historically mathematics and even the sciences have
often made great leaps forward by switching to new formalisms and
paradigms in terms of which the phenomena under study were easier to
express and comprehend. Evidently unclarity can stifle a field, or at
least prevent readily...
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The present thesis, as the title suggests, is primarily concerned with
the distinction between stage-level predicates (henceforth SLPs) and
individual-level predicates (ILPs) and particularly with what we might
call when-conditionals. The distinction between SLPs and ILPs was
first proposed in Ca...
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One of the most intriguing developments of modern set theory is the
investigation of two-player infinite games of perfect information. Of
course, it is clear that applied game theory, as any other branch of
mathematics, can be modeled in set theory. But we are talking about
the converse: the use ...
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Natural language is notoriously multi-faceted and thoroughly
nefarious. Even the simplest linguistic elements may turn out to
support different interpretations in different contexts. And the more
one examines natural language, the more disparate and complex the
relationship between a word's mean...
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In this thesis three different approaches to the Winner Determination
Problem (WDP) for Mixed Multi-Unit Combinatorial Auctions (MMUCA) are
explored. The first, due to [Cerquides et al., 2007] is based on a
traditional integer programming approach. The second, due to [Uckelman
and Endriss, 2007]...