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In Chapter 2 we briefly introduce the two generalised versions of the real line studied in this thesis. Then, we use these spaces in the context of generalised metrisability theory and generalised descriptive set theory. In particular, we use generalised metrisability theory to define a generalis...
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This dissertation develops semantic accounts of a range of expressions: attitude verbs, discourse particles, and additive particles. What all of these expressions have in common is that (i) they can be viewed as operating on the semantic content of the clause they appear with, (ii) they can appea...
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Computational methods offer a powerful way to investigate difficult problems in evolutionary biochemistry. A clear example how computational methods can provide new and thorough knowledge in this area, is the history of the investigation of regularities in the structure of the genetic code. Upon ...
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In this thesis, entitled Cuts and Completions: Algebraic aspects of structural proof theory, we look at different aspects of the interplay between structural proof theory and algebraic semantics for several non-classical propositional logics. Concretely, we explore connections between proof theor...
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Learning with Imperfect Supervision for Language Understanding
Mostafa Dehghani
Humans learn to solve complex problems and uncover underlying concepts and relations given limited, noisy or inconsistent observations and draw successful generalizations based on them. This rests largely on the pove...
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With the advent of scalable quantum information technology, accurate control of quantum systems is becoming increasingly important. We study theoretical control protocols tailored for near-term experiments. The main results can be grouped in two categories. Part II deals with the construction of...
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Complexity can have many forms, yet there is no single mathematical definition of complexity that they all adhere to. In this thesis, we introduce a mathematical framework for the analysis of multiple forms of complexity.
Our framework is a continuation of the parameterized approach to computat...
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Every day we need to make many decisions: what we should have for dinner, what to vote for, or whether to kiss that special person for the first time. There are also many decisions that need to be made at a larger scale, for example, groups, governments, and corporations have to make decisions i...
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In this dissertation we present results for various quantum and stochastic processes. First, we bound separations between the entangled and classical values for several classes of nonlocal t-player games. We show that for many general classes of such games, the entangled winning probability can n...
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Artificial neural networks have become remarkably successful on many natural language processing tasks. In this dissertation, I explore if these successes make them useful as explanatory models of human language processing, focusing in particular on hierarchical compositionality and recurrent neu...
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In this dissertation we study various perspectives on learning and its relation to knowledge and belief within a formal approach. We mostly focus on inductive inference (or, inductive learning), the process of inferring general conclusions from incoming information. Our work is based in two areas...